P016B
Closed Loop Air/Fuel Ratio Control At Limit - System Too Rich
Closed-loop fuel trim hit its lean correction limit because mixture is structurally too rich. Likely fuel pressure too high, leaking injector, or O2 sensor reporting too lean.
- Check engine light: Yes
- Emissions related: Yes
- Repair difficulty: hard
Symptoms
- Check engine light on
- Increased fuel consumption
- Black smoke from exhaust on acceleration
- Smell of unburned fuel, fouled spark plugs
Common causes
Ordered by how often each turns out to be the cause.
- Injector leakingCommon
Parts involved
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Injectors
- Oxygen Sensor
P016B is a generic OBD-II code defined by SAE J2012. Exact wording and diagnostic procedure vary by manufacturer and model. Code definitions are drawn from the public-domain OBDex dataset; the workshop notes are our own.